Examination questions

1. The two definitions of intelligence led policing are:

Intelligence led policing is known as a procedure of crime fighting that is guided through effective collection of intelligence and analysis. It is known as the most important innovation in law enforcement in the present century. (Kelling, G.L. and Bratton, W.J. (2006) 'Policing terrorism', Civic Bulletin, 43, p. 6.)

Intelligence led policing is known as a collaborative enterprise operation that is based on the improved intelligence processes and a community oriented policing which has been considered as most effective. (Alberto R. Gonzalez, 2011, US Department of Justice).  

2. The three types of organized crime are gang Criminality, Racketeering and Syndicate Crime.

3. What is the entity or group of entities of interest?

Where has the entity been observed?

What other entities have also been observed at these locations?

Is locational proximity indicative of some kind of relationship between the initial entity and the discovered entity?  

4. Sections 203(b), 203(d) and 218.  

5. 28 Code of federal regulations 23.20 states that “Reasonable Suspicion or Criminal Predicate is established when information exists which establishes sufficient facts to give a trained law enforcement or criminal investigative agency officer, investigator, or employee a basis to believe that there is a reasonable possibility that an individual or organization is involved in a definable criminal activity or enterprise.  

6. The recommendations for supporting the right to privacy of US citizens are:

I) All the parties involved for the implementation and promotion of National Criminal Intelligence sharing plan, needs to take up steps for ensuring the law enforcement officials are able to protect the individual’s constitutional and privacy rights in the intelligence process.  

II) For further enhancing the professional judgment, since it is related to the privacy of an individual and their constitutional rights, the National criminal intelligence enterprises should also encourage the participation in professional criminal organizations for the training of local, federal, state and tribal law enforcement personnel.  

III) The National Criminal Intelligence sharing plan offers the effective accountability measures that has been expressed in 28 CFR Part 23, which is also known as the LEIU Criminal Intelligence File Guidelines and also the Justice Information Privacy guideline. This should be implemented by the law enforcement agencies for ensuring the protection of privacy and constitutional rights of individuals.  

IV) The law enforcement agencies that are involved within Criminal Intelligence Sharing should follow the guidelines provided in Justice Information Privacy Guidelines. This will offer assistance to the justice leaders and the practitioners who are looking for balance, public access, public safety and privacy.  

7. The collection plan is a systematic procedure for gathering relevant information

from a close working relationship  that responds to intelligence requirements to produce an

intelligence product.

8. The first rule of dissemination is to abide by a two pronged test which includes, the validity of a search warrant or an arrest without warrant depending on the information provided through confidential informant.  

9. The five potential law enforcement sources of information that may be used to generate intelligence are Physical evidence, electronic evidence, undercover operators, public records, and confidential informants.

10. Intelligence led Mitigation involves the methods for capitalizing within the existing law enforcement intelligence capabilities for providing intelligence to support decision makers regarding emergency service and public safety operations.