Question 1: Cross-sectional data are data:

• collected over time
• that are collected over a single   period of time
• consisting of a single variable
• consisting of two or more variables

Question 2: Ordinal data are:

• sorted into categories according  to specified characteristics
• ordered or ranked according to some relationship to one another
• ordered, have a specified measure of a distance between observations but have no nature zero
• data which have a natural zero
•  

Question 3: The process of collection,     organization, and description of data is commonly called:

• descriptive statistics
• statistical inference
• predictive statistics
• operational statistics

 Question 4: _________ is a measure of a       linear relationship between two variables, X and Y.

• correlation
• range
• standard deviation
• median

 Question 5: The statistical measures that characterize dispersion are:

• Range, variance, standard deviation
• Mean, median, mode
• Range, mean, standard deviation
• Correlation, Frequencies, standard deviation

Question 6: Define standard deviation

•  measure of how dispersed observations around the mean
• The square root of variance
• amount of variation error in the data
• A & B above
•  

Question 7: A discrete random variable is:

• outcomes over a continuous range of real numbers
• numerical description of the outcome of an experiment  
• one for which the number of possible outcomes can be counted
• one for which the number of possible outcomes can not be counted

Question 8: Two common probability distributions are ______ and _____.

• Discrete, Continuous
• Discrete
• Continuous
• None of the above

 Question 9: A confidence interval (CI) is a range of scores with specific boundaries that should______ contain the ______ mean.  

• sample
• population
• standard error
• none of the above

Question 10 : The most common probabilistic sampling approach is:

• simple random sampling
• convenient sampling
• complex sampling
• error sampling

Question 11: The hypothesis predicting that differences exist between the groups being compared  is to the hypothesis predicting that no differences exist between the groups being compared as _____ hypothesis is to_____ hypothesis.  

• null; alternative
• alternative; null
• one-tailed; two-tailed
• two-tailed; one tailed

Question 12: Directional hypothesis is to non-directional hypothesis as _____hypothesis is to _____ hypothesis.

• null
• alternative
• one-tailed
• two-tailed

Question 13: A                     researcher was interested in the emotional effects of music                     on exam performance. Before their exam, a professor took                     one group of students into a room in which calming music                     was played. A different group of students were taken to                     another room in which new wave hard rock was being played.                     The students then took the exam and their scores were                     reported. What type of analysis would be most appropriate?

• Paired             
• Independent                       
• Analysis                    
• Repeated                

Question 14: As  the value of a t-test _____, the sample variance _____.

• increases;              
• decreases;         
• increases;                     
• decreases;                       

Question 15: ___ is a        procedure which allows us to predict an individual’s    score on one variable based     on knowing one or more other variables.  

• Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient
• Coefficient of determination
• Regression analyses
• Point-biserial correlation coefficient

Question 16: A fashion _________   student was interested in factors that predicted the                           salaries of catwalk models. She collected data from                           231 models. For each model she asked them their                           salary per day on days when they were working                           (salary), their age (age), how many years they had                           worked as a model (years), and then got a panel of                           experts from modeling agencies to rate the                           attractiveness of each model as a percentage with                           100% being perfectly attractive (beauty). The most                           appropriate statistical analysis would be:

• T-test
•  ANOVA
• Multiple-regression
• chi square

Question 17 The _____ is                             the best fitting straight-line drawn through the                             center of a scatter plot that indicates the                             relationship between the variables.

• regression line
• negative  relationship
• measure of variation
• multiple-baseline

Question 18: Summarize                                 statistical methods used in forecasting and the                                 types of times series to which they are most                                 appropriate.

Question 19: List the                                 principal rules for examining a control chart                                 to determine if the process is in control.

Question 20: Explain                               what a decision model is and list the three types                               of inputs common to decision models.

Question 21: Explain the concept of risk                                   analysis.

Question 22: How do you compute return                                   on investment?

Question 23: List the three elements                                   queuing systems have in common. Describe each                                   element.  

Question 24: Explain optimization and                                   optimal solution.

Question 25: How can binary variables be                                   used to model logistical conditions. Provide                                   examples.